具有避孕作用的杀微生物剂

Microbicides with contraceptive action

杀微生物剂是近年来发展起来的一种阴道或宫颈局部用药以防止性传播疾病的药物制剂。理想的杀微生物剂应安全、高效、廉价和稳定。杀微生物剂不一定都具有杀精子作用,兼有杀精子作用的杀微生物剂是目前的研究热点。目前研制中的杀微生物剂共有62种,其中大约有22种兼有杀精子和避孕作用,根据作用机制将这些具有避孕作用的杀微生物剂分为5类。杀微生物剂的研发面临着一些困难,但具有潜在的应用前景和广泛市场。

A microbicide is any substance that can substantially prevent the transmission of HIV and other sexually-transmitted infections when applied topically either in the vagina or cervix. Ideally, microbicides would be safe, effective, inexpensive and stable. The development of microbicides with specimides is the most attractive target in terms of its clinical benefits. Microbicides are not currently available,but scientists are pursuing over 62 product leads, of which 22 show contraception as wcll as spercimide. There are five basic mechanisms of action by which various candidate microbicides may work. Despite increasing interest and commitment from science and advocacy communities,several obstacles continue to slow the drug development process. However, microbicides can realistically be viewed as a culmination of numerous opportunities.