硝基苯加氢合成对氨基苯酚的工艺研究

Study on the processs for preparing p-aminophenol from nitrobenzene hydrogenation

以硝基苯为原料,Pt/C为催化剂,在稀硫酸介质中,经加氢还原、转位得到目标化合物对氨基苯酚。工艺研究表明:质量分数为15.6%的稀硫酸和硝基苯料的质量比为1∶1,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和硝基苯料的质量比为1∶250,质量分数为2%的Pt/C催化剂和硝基苯料质量比为1∶50,氢气压力为1kPa的水封压力,反应温度85～90℃,反应时间为5h时,所得产品质量达到并优于日本JISK4144-1986标准要求。

p-Aminophenol was prepared from nitrobenzene hydrogenation in aqueous sulfuric acid with Pt/C as the catalyst. The optimum reaction conditions are that the ratio of 15.6% sulfuric acid to nitrobenzene was 1∶1, the ratio of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide to nitrobenzene 1∶250, the ratio of 2% Pt/C to nitrobenzene 1∶50, the hydrogen pressure was 1 kPa water seal pressure, the reaction temperature from 85 ℃ to 90 ℃, and the reaction time 5 h. The quality of p-aminophenol obtained is superior to the product in accordance with JISK4144-1986.