土地开发整理中的生态问题——以福州市为例

The Ecologic Improvement in the Land Consolidation and Development--A Case Study in Fuzhou

实现土地开发整理与生态建设相结合,改善生态环境是土地开发整理规划、设计和实施过程中的重要原则。但是,由于生态评价和建设的复杂性、长期性,使这一重要原则成为一纸空谈。本文认为要在土地开发整理项目中考虑生态环境问题,必须做到:第一,因地制宜地确定土地整理、复垦和开发项目及布局的方案;第二,在具体项目的设计中,必须详细说明生态建设的目标、措施和阶段性的评价方案;第三,土地开发整理后的新增土地的利用可以多样化。土地开发整理的目标是增加耕地,但是耕地熟化是一个长期的过程,各个阶段土地增加性质不同,宜耕则耕,宜鱼则鱼,宜牧剧牧,同时还应当全盘考虑区域土地占补平衡。

It is very important to improve the ecologic environment in the land consolidation and development. After the plan and layout of Fuzhou land consolidation and development from 2000 to 2010, this paper suggests that:(1)the scheme and projects of the land consolidation and development should be (created) based on the local conditions;(2)more attention should be paid to the ecological improvement in the design and implement of the land consolidation;(3)the utility of the land consolidated and developed can be diversified, not only for crop plantation but also for the fishery and construction according to the suitability of land added after the projects.