阿罗格变应原皮肤点刺试验在变应性疾病诊断中的临床意义

Clinical significance of the allergen skin fast insertion tests in the diagnosis of the allergic diseases

目的 探讨阿罗格变应原皮肤点刺试验在变应性疾病诊断中的临床价值。方法 用 2 0种德国默克公司阿罗格变应原进行皮肤点刺试验 ,以生理盐水为阴性对照 ,组胺为阳性对照。结果 临床拟诊为变应性疾病的2 0 0 0例患者中 ,粉尘螨、屋尘螨的阳性率分别为 4 1.4 0 %和 4 0 .6 0 % ,其他 18种变应原的阳性率为 0 .4～ 2 8.6 % ,阳性对照的阳性率为 6 %。变应性鼻炎组粉尘螨和屋尘螨分别为 73.2 0 %和 71.36 % ,狗上皮为 33.5 4 % ;哮喘组粉尘螨和屋尘螨为 5 1.4 %和 4 9.4 4 % ,食物组以咖哩和小虾多见。选择螨类及其他变应原阳性的患者 5 0例行脱敏治疗 ,4 8例显效 ,疗效满意。结论 阿罗格变应原皮肤点刺试验为变应性疾病的诊断提供有力的依据 ,为特异性脱敏治疗提供可靠的客观指标。具有方便安全、操作简单、假阳性少、多种变应原可同时检测、特异性高等优点。

Objective To study clinical value of the allergen skin fast insertion tests in the diagnosis of the allergic diseases. Methods Twenty different allergens produced by Germany Allergopharma Company were used for skin fast insertion tests, with Saline as negative comparison and Histamine as positive one. Results Among the 2000 patients studied, positive rate of the dermatophagoides farinae and pteronyssinus was 41.40% and 40.60% respectively. Other 18 allergens were between 0.4~28.6%. In positive comparison group, the positive rate was 6%. Positive rates of the dermatophagoides farinae and pteronyssinus was 73.20% and 71.36%. The rate of dog epithelium was 33.54% in the allergic rhinitis group, while in the asthma group rates of the dermatophagoides farinae and pteronyssinus were 51.4% and 49.44%. Most positive cases were related to curries and shrimps. Fifty positive patients of the dermatophagoides and other allergens had been selected to take off allergic therapy, and among them 48 patients had achieved satisfactory results. Conclusion Allergen skin fast insertion tests provides a significant basis in the diagnosis of the allergic diseases, and a reliable objective index for specific taking off allergic therapy. It is safe, convenient, easy to operate with low false positive rate. Several allergens can be tested simultaneously with high specification rate.