液氮冷冻建立犬股骨头缺损坏死模型的实验研究

Experimental study of Canine Femoral Head Defect and Necrosis Model by Liquid Nitrogen Freezing

目的为股骨头缺血性坏死的治疗研究建立动物模型。方法10只健康成年犬建立双侧股骨头骨缺损模型,并用液氮从缺损内将股骨头冷冻坏死,术后定期行股骨头X线拍片、大体标本观察及组织切片了解股骨头坏死及修复情况。结果术后3d组织切片见股骨头坏死,术后3、6周时股骨头坏死和骨修复同时存在,术后12周X线片及大体标本观察见股骨头骨缺损仍然明显。结论液氮冷冻建立的犬股骨头缺损坏死可作为模拟临床手术刮除死骨、植骨治疗研究的动物模型。

Objective: To establish the animal model for the study of avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Methods: The animal model of bone defect of canine bilateral femoral heads was established in 10 healthy adult canines. The femoral heads from bone defect were frozen by liquid nitrogen. X-ray, gross-model observation and histology examination were made periodically after operation to evaluate osteonecrosis and the subsequent repair. Results: Necrosis of the femoral head was confirmed by histology 3 days after operation, and repairing on preexisting femoral dead necrosis was found 3 and 6 weeks after operation. Radiographic evidence and gross-model observation showed that bone defect of the femoral head existed 12 weeks after operation. Conclusion: The animal model of bone defect and necrosis of the femoral head in canines could be used to mimic the clinical situation with trapdoor bone-grafting to study the treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head.