用于安全切割的磨料水射流喷嘴设计理论和方法

Theory and method of designing abrasive water-jet nozzle in safety cutting

介绍了磨料水射流在危险环境下可以安全地切割工件或危险品,有效地避免爆炸发生.在磨料水射流系统中,切割喷嘴是关键部件之一,而喷嘴的几何参数设计直接影响切割性能.喷嘴设计的主要任务就是要使从喷嘴喷出的磨料粒子得到充分加速,以便接近水射流的速度.研究表明,当喷嘴的圆柱段长度是喷嘴出口直径的2.5～3.0倍时,粒子的速度能达到水射流速度的95%.在切割时喷嘴不能紧靠工件,要保持一定靶距,不同情况下存在最佳靶距.

Introduced abrasive water-jet safely cutting metal or dangerous article can avert explosive accident. In the cutting system, nozzle is one of the most important components and its geometric parameter directly influences cutting characteristics. Fully accelerating abrasive particle velocity to near water-jet velocity is main aid of nozzle design. The study showed that when length of circular column part is 2.5~3.0 times outlet diameter, abrasive particle velocity near to 95% velocity of water-jet. In different case there is different best lead-on distance.