山东地区肾综合征出血热血清流行病学研究

Antigen typing of the HFRSV strains and serotyping of patients and main host animals from Shandong area

目的查明山东地区肾综合征出血热(HFRS)的临床和流行特征、疫源地血清型别以及病人血清型与宿主动物血清型的关系,探讨疫源地血清型别的演变。方法采用IFA法检测抗原与抗体,分型分别采用IFA、HI和RPHI等技术,同时作病毒分离。结果HFRS患者汉城型(SEO)占91.48%,汉坦型(HTN)占7.12%,未定型占1.31%,以SEO感染占优势。近年疫区的扩大与患者剧增主要由SEO病毒感染所致。HFRSV抗原型别和血清型均宿主种类相一致,即为家鼠HFRS抗原型别和血清型均为SEO,野鼠为HTN。并与疫区患者血清型相一致。两型患者发病高峰不同,临床特征基本相似,临床分型均有轻型和重型。分离毒株抗原型和毒力有差别,检出含有HTN病毒抗原成分的SEO病毒株。结论山东地区HFRS是SEO为主的混合型疫区,同时是否存在新的病毒感染者还需进一步研究。近年疫区的扩大与患者剧增主要由SEO病毒感染所致。

Objective To investigate clinical and epidemic characteristics, serotype of natural foci, and serotyping relation between patients and main host animals from Shandong area, and to ascertain the evolution of natural foci. Methods Using IFA to detect the antigens and antibodies, typing by IFA, HI, and RPHI, and isolating of HFRSV were performed.Results SEO type occupied 91.48%, HTN type occupied 7.12%, and unidentified type occupied 1.31%, and the predominant type was SEO type. The enlargement of natural foci and increase of patients were attributed to SEO type of HFRSV. The antigen type and serotype were identical to type of hosts, that is the antigen type and serotype of domestic rodents were SEO type, and that of field rodents were HTN, and identical to the serotype of patients. The accident peaks of the two type patients were different, but the clinical characteristics were similar, and typed as mild and severe. The antigen type and virulence of the isolated HFRSV were different. And the detected SEO strain contained antigen composition of HTN type.Conclusion The type of HFRS in Shandongarea was mixed type, and SEO was main type,and also new type HFRSV exited. The enlargement of natural foci and increase of patients are attributed to SEO type of HFRSV.