杂交早稻农艺性状的配合力研究

Studies on the Combining Ability of Agronomic Characters in Early-Seasoned Hybrid Rice

为选育高产、优质且熟期适宜的杂交早稻组合,采用6个三系杂交稻不育系和10个父本品种,通过不完全双列杂交配置了60个杂交早稻组合.分析了在相同栽培环境条件下三系杂交早稻亲本及其所配组合12个农艺性状的配合力效应.结果表明:1)株高、穗长、有效穗数、最高苗数、成穗率、穗实粒数、穗总粒数、结实率、千粒重、生育期、理论产量、实际产量等性状的遗传以加性效应为主.2)亲本一般配合力与表型值关系不密切,且与所配组合的特殊配合力也无明显的对应关系,但与所配组合的竞争优势显著正相关.3)在组合选配时,要选择配合力好,且农艺性状优良或较多性状互补的亲本.

Sixty early-season hybrid rice combinations were made by the incomplete diallel design using 6 cytoplasmic male sterile lines and 10 restorer lines.The effects of combining ability for 12 agronomic characters of these combinations and their parents were analysed under the same conditions of cultivation.The results showed that the additive effects were predominant for the characters such as plant height,panicle length,effective panicle number,maximum tiller number, seed-bearing panicle percentage,plump or total seeds per panicle,seed set,1 000-grain weight,growth duration,expected and observed yields and that the general combining ability was not closely correlated with phenotypic value in the parents nor the specific combining ability in the combinations made,but significantly and positively correlated with over-standard heterosis of the combinations made.Therefore,it was suggested that the parents with high combining ability,superior and mutually complementary agronomic characters should be chosen in making combinations of early-season hybrid rice.