摘要
欧盟的RoHS指令(电子电气产品中有害物质限用指令)、中国的《预防和控制电信产品污染的管理办法》草案和美国(加利福尼亚)电子废弃物回收法令等均限制使用铅、汞、镉、六价铬、溴化阻燃剂(如多溴联苯和多溴联苯醚)。业界也认识到制定统一的针对电子产品中限用物质的测定方法的重要性。尽管已存在特定的确定限制材料的测试程序,但是绝大部分并不适用于电子产品的测试,并且这些方法也未得到国际性的认可。现在还没有各国普遍接受的可以遵循或强制性的测试程序,且业界协会和学术界讨论的检测这些禁用物质的存在和级别的测试程序还存在很大的差异。IEC(国际电工委员会)ACEA(环境问题顾问委员会)的特别工作小组2005年3月推出了对电子技术产品中含有的铅、汞、镉、六价铬和多溴联苯、多溴联苯醚进行测定的检测程序——《电子产品限用物质浓度的测定程序》(草案)。
The use of certain substance like Lead (Pb), Mercury (Hg), Cadmium (Cd), Hexavalent Chromium (Cr VI), and some types of brominated flame retardants (like Polybrominated Biphenyls, PBB, Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers, PBDE) in electrotechnical products is regulated in current and proposed legislation e.g. in the European Union (EU) directive on the 'Reduction of certain Hazardous Substances in electrical and electronic equipment' (RoHS), in Chinese draft legislation and in the US (California) Electronic Waste Recycling Act of 2003. Industry is convinced of the importance of defining testing protocols for regulated substances of electrotechnical products that enter or are made available on markets, where legislation regulating the substance content of electrotechnical product is enacted. Certain test procedures to determine regulated material content already exist, but most are not appropriate for testing electrotechnical products and are not internationally recognized. Currently no procedures for compliance or enforcement of the substance restrictions have been agreed upon or mandated by countries regulating substances in electrotechnical products. Testing procedures, which are being discussed by industry associations and academia to determine presence and levels of these banned substances differ from each other. The purpose of the work by the IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) ACEA (Advisory Committee for Environmental Aspects) ad hoc Working group is therefore to provide test procedures that will allow the electrotechnical industry to determine the levels of the regulated substances Pb, Hg, Cd, Cr VI, PBB, PBDE (EU RoHS, China, US, Japan, etc.) in electrotechnical products on a consistent global basis.
