新型快开式高压容器顶盖密封结构原理和强度分析

Principle and strength analysis of sealing structure of a new type of quick-opening head for high-pressure vessels

针对现有高压容器顶盖密封结构存在的结构笨重、装拆不便等问题,设计了一种新型快开式高压容器顶盖密封结构。将顶盖置于端部法兰内部并平齐,由D形抗剪螺栓连接二者,采用具有自紧作用的C形环作密封元件。只需将D形螺栓旋转大约90°,即可实现顶盖与端部法兰的装拆,具有装拆迅速、质量轻、螺纹不易“咬死”等特点。本文对该密封结构的关键部件进行了强度分析,可为其工程应用在设计上提供理论依据。该结构在需要频繁装拆的各种高压、超高压容器的密封装置上应用前景广大。

Considering of these problems such as heavy structure and inconvenient assembly for the existing head sealing structures of high-pressure vessels, a new type of quick-opening and high-pressure sealing structure was proposed. In the new structure, the head is put into and flushed mounting with the end flange, using self-energizing C ring as the sealing component. The head and the end flange are connected with D-shape shearing bolts, and the connection or disconnection of the head with the end flange can be achieved by turning the D-shape shearing bolts about an angle of 90°, making the structure being easy in assembly and disassembly, light in weight and not easily seized in screw. Strength analysis and stress limitation for the key parts were performed, which can supply a theoretical source in design for its engineering application. This structure is suitable for head sealing of high-pressure and ultrahigh pressure vessels, which need frequently assembly and disassembly.