中美经济贸易关系:反思与展望

Sino-U. S. Economic and Trade Relations: Reflection and Prospect

导致当前中美经济贸易摩擦加剧的根本原因,从宏观层面看,是中国经济的崛起;从中观和微观层面看,是中国的某些产业部门在劳动力和资源价格上发挥了充分的比较优势。由于美国的贸易逆差是不可持续的,中国对美贸易顺差的扩张也是不可持续的;中关双边贸易不平衡将成为未来中美经济贸易摩擦的焦点,从而制约双边经济贸易关系的顺利发展。为此,应重新思考对美贸易在中国经济增长中的作用,不能过度依赖对美贸易顺差,而应该及时调整出口导向的经济发展战略,坚持以扩大内需与外贸增长同时并举。

From a macro level, the causes for the intensification of present Sino-U. S. trade frictions can be attributed to the rise of China's economy, while from an intermediate or a micro level, such causes can be related to the China's comparative advantage in certain sectors in regard to low labor cost and material price. As the American trade deficit is unsustainable, the same is true of China's expanding trade surplus with the U. S. ; the imbalanced trade between China and the U. S. will remain the focus in Si no-U. S. trade frictions of the future, which might hamper the smooth development of the bilateral economic and trade relations. In view of this, China must reflect on the role that trade with the U. S. plays in her economic growth, and can not rely solely on the trade surplus with the U. S. and have to make some adjustment to her export- oriented economic development strategy. Meanwhile, China has to exploit her domestic market no less than she does the international one. (