施用辐照污泥对农作物生长及其品质的影响

Effect of Application of Sewage Sludge on Growth and Quality of Crops

采用电子束辐照液态污泥并作为基肥施用于菜园土、黄泥土中,研究污泥不同施用水平下对青菜、黑麦草生长及品质的影响。结果表明,在一定的施用量及土壤条件下,无论是辐照还是未辐照污泥都促进农作物生长,提高其产量,且施用辐照污泥与未辐照污泥相比,农作物产量有增加趋势。田间和盆栽试验都显示,青菜的相对产量随着污泥施用量的增加而增加,但在污泥施用量达到80t·hm-2后明显下降。黑麦草的相对产量高于青菜1倍左右,且在施用量达80t·hm-2仍然上升。在施用量小于60t·hm-2时,青菜的Cd、Zn、Cu和Pb含量低于国家标准。施用量达80t·hm-2时,仅Cd的含量超标。青菜体内的硝酸盐含量在施用量高于40t·hm-2时,超过国标。黄泥土上比菜园土上栽培的青菜相对产量约提高1倍。

Sewage sludge irradiated with electron beam was used as basic fertilizer for Brassica chinensis and ryegrass in garden mould and yellow brown soil at various doses and its effect was studied. The experiment indicated that both irradiated and non-irradiated sludge accelerated crops growth and increased the crop yields.Both the field experiment and pot experiment showed that the yield of Brassica chinensis increased as the content of sludge was raised, however, when the content of sludge reached 80 t·hm^(-2),the yield began to decline significantly,while the yield of ryegrass doubled that of Brassica chinensis and still increased when the dose was more than 80 t·hm^(-2).The concentration of Cd, Zn, Cu and Pb in Brassica chinensis was lower than that of the national standard when the application rate was lower than 60 t·hm^(-2), and only the concentration of Cd exceeded standard when the application rate was up to 80 t·hm^(-2). But the concentration of nitrates exceeded standard when the application was 40 t·hm^(-2). Yield of Brassica chinensis grew in yellow brown soil was twice of that in garden mould.