植茶年龄对茶园土壤微生物特性及酶活性的影响

Study on Soil Microbial Properties and Enzyme Activities in Tea Gardens

分析了浙江省两个典型茶区土壤化学、微生物学性质以及酶活性。结果表明,茶园土壤的酸化程度随植茶年龄的增加而加重,土壤有效态N以NO-3 N为主。两茶区高龄茶园的土壤微生物量均很低,表明长期植茶形成的独特生态环境对微生物有抑制作用。两茶园土壤微生物代谢商(Rmic/Cmic)都较非茶园对照土壤低,并且随植茶年龄的增加,两者呈相似的变化趋势。土壤微生物商的变化可能与茶园土壤环境胁迫状况有关,低龄茶园的土壤微生物商(Cmic/Corg)高于非茶园对照土壤,也明显高于高龄茶园。土壤有机碳,全N ,有效P ,NH-4 N ,NO-3 N ,脲酶和酸性磷酸酶活性均随植茶年龄的增加而增加。

The study was conducted to analyze soil chemical, microbial properties and enzyme activities in two tea gardens of Zhejiang Province. The results showed that soil acidification of tea gardens increased significantly with tea bush age. The majority of available N in soil was in the form of nitrate. Long-term tea cultivation resulted in the decrease of soil microbial biomass. Soil microbial metabolic quotient(R_(mic)/C_(mic)) in the two tea gardens were lower than these of control, and showed similar trend with increasing tea bush age. Changes in soil microbial quotient(C_(mic)/C_(org))may be a sensitive indicator of environmental stress of tea garden. Soil microbial quotient(C_(mic)/C_(org))of young tea orchard was higher than those of control and older tea orchard. Soil organic C,total N,available P, NH^+_4-N, NO^-_3-N, urease and acid phosphatase activities which were closely related to soil fertility responded in a consistent manner across tea bush age.