《三国演义》关羽形象所表现出的忠义观念

The Concept of Loyalty and Righteousness In the Image of Guanyu in Romance of the Three Kingdoms

《三国演义》的作者罗贯中对“忠义”的颂扬,主要是通过成功塑造关羽这一被清人毛宗岗称为“义绝”的典型形象来实现的。关羽主要是尽忠义于某一个人,就是他“朋友而兄弟,兄弟而君臣”的刘备,还有较浓的知恩图报的思想,当关羽的忠与义处于矛盾对立时,往往是朋友之义、兄弟之义高于一切的。所以,关羽的忠义被统治阶级利用来麻醉人民,使他效忠于统治者。而下层群众看重的则是关、张、刘三人“誓同生死,祸福共之”的义气,表现了人们要求摆脱世俗生活中“重利轻义”的偏见而追求真情实谊的美好愿望。

The eulogy of loyalty and righteousness in Romance of the three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong is successfully achieved via portraying a typical character-Guanyu,who is called“Loyalty to brotherhood gods beyond everything”by Maozonggang.All his life,Guanyu has been Absolutely loyal to the only person-Liubei,who is his friend,his brother and also his ruler.Being very grateful,he unexceptionally believe in loyalty to friends rather than anything else whenever there are conflicts between loyalty and righteousness.As a result,the governing class take the advantage of this kind of loyalty to poison the masses to make them more loyal and obedient to them.But as for the lower class,they actually value much their spirit of“Being together through thick and thin.”They help them realize their ideal that seeking true friendship rather than wealth.