株洲城市街区夏日温度分布与街道特征关系的研究

Research on relationship between street-characteristics andtemperature condition in Zhuzhou City

研究了夏日株洲市街道特征与温度分布的关系。结果表明:株洲市夏日白天东西走向街区的温度总比南北走向街区的温度高,平均要高0.6～0.7℃;L/H越小,两者差值越大,最高时达1.4～1.8℃。高大建筑物对于减少街区内的太阳辐射吸收量有相当大的作用。东西走向街区吸收的太阳辐射能不会因街道两边建筑物的高度产生明显变化,但是L/H值太小时,会减慢街区内的散热从而使温度提高,此时增加绿化率产生的降温效果显著;南北走向的街区在L/H较小(0.8)的时候,能大大减少街区吸收的太阳辐射热,有利于降温,但增加绿化率的降温效果不明显。论文的研究结果为株洲市的开发和建设中建筑及绿化的布局和结构调整提供了参考依据。

We studied the microclimate characteristics in the summer and the interrelationship among the climate elements in Zhuzhou City. The results showed that: The temperature in W-E oriented streets was always higher than that in N-S oriented streets, with an average: 0.6?℃～0.7?℃. The difference would be higher when L?/H value was lower, and the biggest difference reached to 1.4?℃～1.8?℃. The high buildings by the streets could effectively reduce the absorption of solar energy within the streets. L?/H value did not affect the absorption of solar energy in a W-E street. When L?/H value was too low, it would slow down the heat emission of a street, and keep the temperature higher and for a longer time, comparing with that of a high L?/H-valued street. The increase of plant ratio would effectively decrease the temperature. It was opposite on N-S oriented street. The results also provided suggestions for the city construction and development in Zhuzhou City.