旅游流距离衰减现象演绎研究

RESEARCH ON THE DISTANCE DECAY OF THE TOURIST FLOW

以旅游系统空间结构模型为依托,通过绘制旅游流距离衰减曲线,对旅游流距离衰减现象进行演绎研究。结果发现,高斯分布型和指数分布型是旅游流距离衰减曲线的基本类型,旅游系统中客源地结点的空间分布格局是旅游流距离衰减曲线类型的决定性因素,到访率距离衰减速率是曲线形状的修饰性因素,距离衰减曲线的绘制方法不同,距离衰减曲线的类型也不同。最后,以井冈山和庐山为案例进行了实证分析。

This paper deductively do some research on the distance decay phenomenon of tourist flow through constructing the spatial structure model of the tourism system. On the assumption that all the original places are cloned by each other and have the same traffic mode, the spatial model is a circle network with destination as center, and the nodes of it are distributing uniformly. Based on this network, another kind of tourism system network is constructed through changing the density of the node. The tourist flow percents of different areas and the tourist flow of per area are calculated through programming. Then the distance decay curves and some fitting curves are drawn in the Origin software. The result is that there are two kinds of distance decay curves of all the 12 curves. When the vertical coordinate is the tourist flow percents, the curves of the uniformly node tourist system fit Gauss function,but the other three curves with higher nodes density fit exponential function. When the vertical coordinate is the tourist flow of per area, the curves all fit exponential function, but the curves with higher node density fit well than the former. The following conclusions were reached.①The theoretical distance decay curves are Gauss and exponential curves. They are the basic types of the distance decay curve. ②The spatial pattern of the tourist original places is the basic factor deciding the type of the distance decay curve. The visiting rate is the most important factor influencing the shape of the curves. The concrete distance decay curve decided both the tourism system's spatial construction and the visiting rate.③The way of drawing the distance decay curve affects the types of the distance decay curve.