特大型风景名胜区居民社会调控雏议—以青海湖国家重点风景名胜区为例

DISCUSSION ON THE SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT AND CONTROL OF RESIDENTS IN SUPER LARGE SCENIC AREA —A Case Study of the Key National Scenic Area of Qinghai Lake

针对青海湖国家重点风景名胜区这一特大型风景名胜区的生态及社会经济地位和作用,综合分析了其社会发展的现状特点及存在问题。在此基础上,对青海湖国家重点风景名胜区内的居民社会调控问题进行了初步研究。提出了风景名胜区优化城镇及乡村居民点体系、加强经营管理、健全社会组织、分区分类实施居民社会调控的基本思路和主要措施。从而为特大型风景名胜区的居民社会调控以及景源保护与开发、经济社会发展、生态环境建设探索有效的途径。

The Qinghai Lake is the largest inland saltwater lake of China. It is an important water body to keep ecological safety of the northeast part of the Tibet, a natural defense to control the spread of desert from the west to the east of China, an important vapor source of the high frigid area of China, an important place of the world biological diversification protection, and a special key touring landscape in the plateau area of China. Therefore, the Qinghai Lake Area was determined as the Key National Scenic Area. The present characteristics and problems in social development are comprehensively analyzed in the paper , to counter the ecological ,social and economic status of the Key National Scenic Area of Qing-hai Lake ,a super large scenic area. The writers think, in contrast to common scenic area, the Key National Scenic Area of Qing-hai Lake has main characteristics as follow: the minority nationality residents hold a dominant position in the area. The regional distribution of population is comparatively concentrative. The urban and rural settlements distribute closely around the lake, and their grades of scale are small, the types of function are unitary. The livestock husbandry economy is the dominant economy in the scenic area, and the urban economy and the tourism economy will have very good prospects. The system of regional social service and the mechanism of social adjustment and control are not perfected. The social service institutions are not developed. The amount of labor force is abundant but the overall quality of labor force is not so good. The social problems of resident are mainly displaying at present as follow: the management organizations are thrown into confusion, and the contradictions among departments are very much. The activities of touring development cause pollution to the water environment in the scenic area. The repeated fishing activities make the naked carp resources in the Qinghai Lake to face a serious crisis. The cultural quality of residents is not so good, and their protective consciousness and legal sense are hazy. Also there are many problems in construction of urban and rural settlement around the lake. Based on the above, the adjustment and control of resident society are preliminarily researched in the Key National Scenic Area of Qinghai Lake. The basic thinking and the main measures, such as perfecting urban and rural settlement system, strengthening management, amplifying social organization, implementing adjustment and control of resident society according to the different regions and types, are put forward. And then some effective ways are researched for the social adjustment and control of residents, the protection and development of the scenery resources, the economic and social development and for the construction of ecological environment.