浙江沿海藻类共生细菌的生理生化特性研究

Physiology and biochemistry characteristic of symbiosis bacteria on algae of Zhejiang coast

利用梯度稀释法,从浙江象山、朱家尖等海域所采集的几种海藻中分离出海洋细菌50株,运用杯碟法研究了其胞外代谢产物活性,结果表明,100%的菌株含有胶原蛋白酶、淀粉酶,96%的菌株含有酪蛋白酶,70%的菌株含有酯酶,30%的菌株含有卵磷脂酶、脲酶,还有6%含微量的壳多糖水解酶。同时将这50株菌分别培养在高温(55℃)、高盐(质量分数5.5×10-2)、酸性(pH4.5)环境中,同样对胞外产物活性进行分析。结果显示:外界环境胁迫下,水解明胶、淀粉、酪蛋白和吐温的酶活性仍然存在,但活性有了很大的变化。因胶原蛋白酶、酪蛋白酶能分解胶原蛋白等成分,淀粉酶具分解淀粉、糖原的作用,因此,这些细菌的产物对其他生物有毒害作用,可能是致病菌,也可能对已知致病菌起抑制、破坏作用。本研究为寻找海洋活性先导化合物,为海洋药物的开发等提供了广阔的前景。

This paper reported the results that 50 clony bacteria insolated from 13 species of alga collected from the coast of Zhejiang, Xiangshan and Zhujiajian, Gelidium pacificum Okam, Chondrus ocellatus Holm, Centroceras clavulatum (Ag.) Mont, Grateloupia ramosissima Okam, Grateloupia okamurai Yamada, Gymnogongrus flabelliformis Harv, Pachymeniopsis elliptica (Holm) Yamada, Pachymenia carnosa J.Ag, Sargassum fusiforme (Harv.) Setch, Sargassum Kjellmanianum Yendo, Sargassum thunbergii (Mert) O’Kuntze, Ulva pertusa Kjellm, Codium fragile (Sur.)Hariot. And the 100% bacteria can produce amylase and protease, 96% produce caseinase, 70% produce esterase, 30% produce lecithinase and urease, also 6% bacteria can produce chitinase actracted from the extracellular products. We are studying furtherly for finding the bioactive materials in these 50 kinds of bacteria.