药理性预适应的脑保护作用

The protective effects on the brain by pharmacological preconditioning

基于对脑组织内源性保护作用缺血预适应的认识,近年来发现一些药物预处理可以诱导脑组织产生保护作用,称为药理性预适应。这些药物包括内毒素及其衍生物、3.硝基丙酸、吸入性麻醉剂、腺苷及其拟似物、ATP敏感钾通道的开放剂、吗啡类药物、去铁敏等。不同的药物诱导药理性预适应脑保护的时程和强度以及在具体机制方面存在一定差异。开发诱导脑药理性预适应的新药有望应用于神经外科及预防性脑保护。

Based on endogenous protective mechanisms of ischemic preconditioning, pretreatment of some chemical agents was found to be capable of inducing protective effects in brain tissues in recent years. This phenomenon was defined as pharmacological preconditioning. The chemical agents include endotoxin and its analogs, 3-nitropropionic acid, volatile anesthetics, adenosine and its mimetic agents, the openers of ATP-sensitive potassium channels, morphine and desferroxamine, et al. The time course, potency and mechanisms of the protective effects vary among the different chemical agents. New drugs that could induce pharmacological preconditioning may be useful in protection of the brain in neurosurgery or in prevention of ischemic brain damages.