金沙江干热河谷上段退耕还林区造林树种选择

Study on Species Selection for Afforestation in Dry-hot Valley on the Upper Reaches of Jinshajiang River

将金沙江干热河谷鹤庆段引入的印度黄檀、墨西哥柏、圆柏、苏门答腊金合欢、山合欢、黑荆、新银合欢、木豆等,与本地树种苦楝进行对照造林试验,比较高生长、地径、保存率等综合生长指数,结果表明:用生长量指标比较,墨西哥柏、圆柏、山合欢、黑荆、木豆及苦楝较符合鹤庆县干热河谷造林的实际,在鹤庆干热河谷区内海拔1650m以下适应性良好.新银合欢在海拔1400m以下区域保存率高,适应性好;苏门答腊金合欢在海拔1300m以下区域表现出良好的适应性;印度黄檀在该区域的最低海拔1160m处表现出不适应性.对黑荆树、墨西哥柏、藏柏、苦楝的坡位适应性研究表明:由于受温度和土壤生态因子的影响,供试树种同时表现出植株从坡上部到坡下部保存率更高、生长更好的上升趋势.

A comparative planting experiment was carried out on the upper reaches of the Jingshajiang River with introduced tree species including Dalbergia sissoo,Cupressus lusitanica,Sabina chinensis,Acacia glauca,Albizzia kalkora,Acacia mearnsii,Leucaena leucocephala cv. Salvador.,Cajanus cajan,Cupressus duclouxiana,in comparison to the local species Melia toosendan. The indexes of height growth, basal diameter and survival rate were examined. It was demonstrated by the results that Leucaena leucocephala cv.Salvador. grew well in the area lower than (1 400 m) in elevation,Acacia glauca. grew well in area lower than 1 300 m in elevation,Dalbergia sissoo did not grow well even at the lowest part of the region below 1 160 m. It was showed by the experiment that 5 introduced tree species including Cupressus lusitanica,Sabina chinensis,Albizzia kalkora,Acacia mearnsii and Cajanus cajan,and the local species Melia toosendan grew normally below the elevation of 1 650 m in Heqing dry-hot valley, showing good adaptability to local dry and hot climatic conditions. The results also showed that these tree species had better growth when planted on the lower parts of the slopes contrasting to the upper slopes because of the variations in temperature and soil conditions.