巴金五十年代英雄叙事再解读——中国建国初期历史叙事论之一

From "Isomorphism" to "Heteromorphism"--Re - interpreting Ba Jin's Heroic Narration in the 1950s

巴金五十年代的英雄叙事,通过如对祖国、和平、人民等中心话语的认同,使其和主流意识形态获得了同构性。这是巴金的英雄叙事之所以受到主流意识形态认可和推崇的内在缘由。但在其同构的背后,他们赋予这些话语的意义却截然不同。巴金以其无政府主义中的某些理念,整合了主流意识形态,并置换为自我意义上的话语,这又使巴金的英雄叙事具有了异质性。巴金的英雄叙事的"异质同构",使其英雄叙事获得了独立的美学品格,这表现为无政府主义文化视阈下以人为本的人文情怀,蕴涵着对于战争中的个体命运的关注。这一文学精神无疑是对五四文学精神的承接。然而,令人遗憾的是,五十年代后期到六十年代初期,巴金的这一文化立场逐步为主流意识形态所取代,并最终在全民失却理性的狂热思潮下,放逐了自我既有的异质性,与主流意识形态趋于"同质同构"。巴金的英雄叙事既有的鲜明个性也失落殆尽。

The heroic narration by Ba Jin in the 1950s acquired isomorphic nature with the mainstream consciousness by identifying with key words such as motherland , peace and the people . That is why it is recognized and promoted by the mainstream consciousness. But behind the same structures, there lie totally different meanings with these phrases. From the late 1950s to the early 1960s, this cultural standing of Ba Jin gradually gave way to mainstream ideology and later abandoned its heterogeneity.