"主义"话语与20世纪中国合作经济思潮的兴起

All kinds of Theories and the Rising of the Economic Thought of Cooperation in 20' s

西方的合作经济理念在20世纪上半期以"主义"话语的形式来到中国,并与当时的和谐互助、自由、平等等价值诉求为核心的社会思想相交融,形成了近代中国的合作经济思潮,意欲促成一场社会化的合作运动,推行西方的合作经济制度,改善平民经济,并由此奠定了政府在推动中国农村经济制度变迁的路径依赖。但是,经济制度的改变能力是文化信仰历史的一个函数,这一点也就内在地决定了植根于西方"个人主义"土壤当中的合作经济制度,不可能在笃信"集体主义"而个体成员又缺乏自主独立性的中国社会得到很好的生长。合作社组织在20世纪中国的"异化"或多舛命运也足以证明了这一点。

The economic thought of cooperation in the western countries was brought to China as the forms of theories in the early times of the 20th century. It was blended with the social thought which was based on the value of helping each other, freedom, and equality, and gradually formed the Chinese economic thoughts of cooperation. The government made the cooperative movement as the power of the economic institutions of rural areas. But as we know, the ability of transition of the economic institution was the function of culture belief, because China was based on the collectivism, and people were short of independence, the economic institutions of cooperation couldn't develop well in China, which was reflected as the aberrance of the cooperative organization and its unfortunate fate.