中国西北干旱区生态区划

ECOLOGICAL REGIONALIZATION OF ARID LANDS IN NORTHWESTERN CHINA

从国内外生态区划、生态土地分类和生态 生产范式的研究和发展入手,从生态利用的角度出发,在西北干旱区生态区域分异规律的基础上,结合当地的社会经济发展特点,全面完成了西北干旱区的生态区划方案。本着既尊重自然规律又符合可持续发展的生态 生产范式的原则,在西北干旱区的生态区划过程中,主要考虑以下几个方面:气候与巨地形系统、地貌与基质、植被与土壤以及土地利用与产业发展方向;区划方法是以经验判别和地理信息系统(GIS)相结合进行的,过去发表的多种尺度的图件和区划方案均作为分区过程的辅助材料和新区划方案的校正材料;根据气候、巨地形系统、地貌、基质、植被、土壤以及土地利用和产业发展方向等特征,该生态区划的 3级分区指标如下:一级分区,主要依据气候和巨地形系统,并充分考虑该高级分区在生态环境建设和产业结构调整中的作用;二级分区,主要根据次级地形和地貌系统以及大尺度植被类型;三级分区,主要依据基质和土壤的差异所造成的局域植被类型的差异,以及其生态 生产范式和将来的发展方向。根据以上区划的原则和指标体系,西北干旱区的生态区划采用 3级区划制:生态域(Ecodomain)、生态区(Ecoregion)、生态小区(Ecodistrict),最后将西北干旱区划分为 3个生态域、2 3个生态区和

An ecological regionalization system was developed for the arid lands of northwestern China based on ecological and environmental factors, including climate, large-scale terrain features, landform, geology, vegetation, and soils, in combination with characteristics of social and economic development. The region was stratified into discrete geographical units of uniformity at three levels: Level I, the ecodomain, was based on climate and large-scale terrain features with consideration of the role of higher levels of regionalization and industrial development; Level II, the ecoregion, was based primarily on secondary landform, topography and large-scale vegetation types; and, Level III, the ecodistrict, was based on differences in local vegetation due to differences in geology and soils, as well as its eco-productive paradigm and potential future development. Based on this three-class system, we defined three ecodomains, 23 ecoregions and 80 ecodistricts. An ecoregional map of northwestern arid lands of China was drawn at 1∶1 million scale using GIS. The goals of the ecological regionalization classification were not only to develop a unique system of arid land ecological classification, but also to supervise local development and land use management to promote sustainable development of arid lands in northwestern China.