体重和温度对方斑东风螺耗氧率和排氨率的影响

Influence of dry weight of soft tissue and water temperature on oxygen consumption and ammonia excretory rate in Babylonia areolata

用室内实验生态学方法研究不同规格和温度对方斑东风螺(Babyloniaareolata)耗氧率(O)和排氨率(N)的影响。实验所用方斑东风螺规格为壳高(3 147±0 115)～(6 862±0 237)cm,软体部分干重(2 0145±0 12)～(11 0636±0 36)g。结果表明:(1)个体大小、温度以及二者的综合效应均对其耗氧率和排氨率有极显著的影响(P<0 01)。在实验温度范围内(13～33℃),不同规格的方斑东风螺耗氧率的总平均值为1 413mg/(h·g),排氨率的总平均值为217 05μg/(h·g)。(2)在实验条件下,方斑东风螺的软体部分干重(W)与耗氧量(R)之间的回归关系符合幂函数方程R=aWb,其中a的取值范围为0 9984～3 0128,平均值是1 7894;b值的范围为0 7692～0 8985,平均值为0 8430。在13～28℃温度范围内,不同规格的方斑东风螺的耗氧率随着温度的升高而增加,当温度升高到33℃时,耗氧率反而下降。(3)实验温度下,W与排氨量(A)也可用幂函数方程A=cWd表示,c值的范围为277 4091～405 3933,平均值为326 6857;d值的范围是0 4519～0 8864,平均值是0 6683。随着温度的升高方斑东风螺的排氨率呈上升趋势。(4)实验证实,高温将进一步提高方斑东风螺蛋白质的代谢水平,耗氧率和排氨率与温度(T)、W的二元线性回归方程分别为:O=-0 521-0 038W+0 050T、N=-152 640-10

Babylonia areolata were widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas along East and Southeast Asia,such as China,Japan and Indonesia.It was also considered as a good candidate for marine culture in China because of its good taste,balanced nutrition and high market value.Based on the present document,there were many reports on respiration and excretion of mollusk.However,there was little information available on respiratory and excretion of Gastropod species,especially for B.areolata.The purpose of this experiment was to determine the relationship between oxygen consumption (O) and ammonia excretory (N) rate of B.areolata,and that between body size and water temperature under controllable laboratory condition.A double-factor experiment was designed,with five levels of water temperature (13℃,18℃,(23℃,)28℃ and 33℃,respectively) and three sizes of B.areolata. The three sized groups were set as small size-(2.0145±0.12)-(11.0636±0.36)g in soft tissue(DW),medium size-(4.2446±0.69)g in soft tissue weight(DW) and large size-(11.0636±0.36)g in soft tissue weight (DW).Triplicate groups for each treatment were set.With every water temperature one B.areolata-free flask was used as the control.Each trial lasted for 1-1.5h.By the methods of iodometric and sodium hypobromite oxidation,the concentrations of DO and NH^(+)_4-N were measured.The results were shown as follows.(1) Significant effects (P<0.01) were observed on size,water temperature and their combination on oxygen consumption and ammonia nitrogen excretion of this species.Oxygen consumption ranged from 0.575 to 2.763mg/(g·h) with a mean value of 1.413mg/(g·h),and ammonia nitrogen excretion from 83.94μg/(g·h) to (360.12μg/(g·h)) with a mean value of 217.05μg/(g·h).(2)The relationship between oxygen consumption quantity (R) and dry weight of soft-tissue (W) could best be expressed as the exponential equation R=aW^(b).In this equation,a ranged from 0.9984 to 3.0128 with a mean value of 1.7894,and b from 0.7692 to 0.8985 with a mean value of 0.8430.The oxygen consumption significantly increased with increase of water temperature at the range of 13-28℃ (P<0.01),but reduced at the water temperature of 33℃ (P<0.01).(3) The relationship between ammonia nitrogen excretion quantity (A) and dry weight of soft-tissue (W) could also be expressed as the exponential equation:A=cW^(b).In this equation,c varied between 277.4091 and 405.3933,and d between 0.4519 and 0.8864.The ammonia nitrogen excretion markedly increased with incremental water temperature from 13℃ to 33℃ (P<0.01).(4) Higher water temperature could further improve the level of protein metabolism.A significant linear regression relationship was found among oxygen consumption (O),dry weight of soft-tissue (W) and water temperature (T).They could be described as the linear equation O=-0.521-0.038W+0.050T,and N=-152.640-10.581W+4.986T,respectively,and the reciprocal relevant coefficient R were 0.813 and 0.902 for each equation,respectively.The experiment provided some fundamental information for physiology and ecology of B.areolata,and played an important role for its wide culture.