环球空气微生物考察

EXPLORATION ON AIR-BORNE MICROBES ROUND THE WORLD

在１９８６年１０月３１日～１９８７年５月１７日间，中国＂极地＂船作环球暨南极的航行中对空气微生物进行了考察。测点分布在其行经的３０９２１海里的空气中，样品计４３２份。作了对微生物的含量分析及分类研究。结合有关参数，比较各类型环境间微生物含量的差别，指出本环球航行所经各区空气微生物的状况。结果表明，西半球、大西洋、温带、台湾海峡、南美洲、中国、坎帕纳（阿根廷）、黄海等区域的空气微生物含量一般分别比同类环境的高。南大洋空气较洁净，所考察的环球空气至少有１５属细菌和５属酵母，葡萄球菌、微球菌较多，长城站空气中有芽孢杆菌。的结果说明长城站的空气微生物含量高于其他两测区的，内海（此处指麦克斯威尔湾）空气的微生物含量高于开阔性海域的（指南设得兰群岛海域），与其他区域比，陈皓文等，国际五城市空气微生物概况（待发表）。陈皓文等，中国南极长城站微生物考察（待发表）。南设得兰群岛区域的微生物（待发表）。表７世界５个海峡空气微生物含量表８南美一些近海河流、水道空气微生物含量表９中国海空气微生物含量（ＣＦＬ／ｍ３）南极半岛空气仍较洁净，但长城站的空气有待改善。当船只进入中国海域时，均测定了空气微生物。结果列于表９，表中说明黄海的空?

From Oct.31st,1986 to May 17th,1987,an exploration of airborne microbes on Antarctiea and round the world was performed aboard the Chinese polar vessel″ JiDi″which took a voyage of 30921 nautical miles.432 samples were collected from different climate zones, hemispheres,Oceans,continents,cities,straits,rivers and China seas,each of which was counted and analysed micrbiologicaly.The differences of microbial content of every type from air environment were intercompared in combination with relevant physicochemical parameters.The results show the condition of air-borne microbes round the world,i.e.terrige genous microbes and marine ones generally 7.50 CFU/m3and 4.00CFU/m3,their detection rates being 87.10% and 63.13% respectively.The air over the Southern Ocean is still quite clean generally.The content of air-borne microbes over China seas fundamentally shows a trend of higher in the north than in the south.Some strains obtained were studied taxonomically.There were at least fifteen genera of bacteria and five genera of yeasts in the air examined round the world. Staphylococcus and Micrococcus occupied considerable percentage in generic composition of the air-borne microbes.Bocillus was occasionally found in the air over the Great wall station,Antarctica.It is still very important to monitor global air-borne microbes,to improve the condition of global air and keep it clean continuouly.