间断肺通气对体外循环肺损伤的保护作用

Protective Effects of Intermittent Ventilation on Lung Injury During Cardiopulmonary Bypass

目的研究间断肺通气对体外循环(CPB)肺损伤的保护作用,并探讨其机制。方法将24例风湿性心脏病患者采用随机数字表法分为两组,处理组(n=13)CPB期间每5min间断肺通气一次;对照组(n=11)CPB期间不通气。所有患者均在术前留取血液标本,术后2h行支气管肺泡灌洗,分别测定支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中的中性粒细胞、总蛋白(TP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量、血清总蛋白以及术前、CPB后1h、4h肺氧合指数(OI)。结果处理组BALF中的中性粒细胞、TP、TNF-α含量较对照组显著降低(P<0.01,P=0.02,0.02),CPB后OI较对照组显著降低(P<0.05);两组CPB后1h、4h其OI均较同组CPB前显著增高(P<0.05)。结论间断肺通气可通过减少白细胞与血管内皮的黏附,减轻肺部炎症反应、内皮细胞损伤等,对CPB所致的肺损伤有保护作用。

Objective To study the protective effects and mechanism of intermittent ventilation on lung injury during cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB). Methods Twenty-four patients with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) were divided into two groups with random number table: treatment group (n=13),given intermittent ventilation once every 5 minutes during CPB; control group (n=11),no ventilation during CPB. Blood samples were obtained preoperatively. A bronchoalveolar lavage was performed at 2 hours after CPB. The numbers of granulocytes, total protein (TP) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) content in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids(BALF) were measured, and lung oxygenate index (OI) were measured preoperatively and 1 hour, 4 hours after CPB termination,respectively. Results The numbers of granulocytes, TP and TNF-α content of treatment group in the BALF were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.01, P=0.02,0.02),and the lung OI of treatment group at 1 hour and 4 hours after CPB termination was also significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05); a significant increase of lung OI occurred in both groups at 1 hour and 4 hours after CPB when compared with the same group at baseline before CPB(P<0.05). Conclusion Intermittent ventilation has the protective effects on lung injury during CPB by decreasing granulocytes adhesion and alleviating lung inflammatory reaction and endothelial cells injury.