果蝇作为学习记忆实验动物模型的研究回顾

Review on Learning and Memory Model of Drosophila

目的 回顾应用果蝇作为学习记忆模式动物的研究工作。方法 文献调研。结果 经实验室筛选出dnc、rut、amn、rad、cabbage、turnip、radish、nalyot、turnip、nemyp15 3、ala等表现条件反射行为障碍的突变体,且已证实与cAMP信号转导途径有关。经现代免疫组化研究发现蕈状体蘑菇体(mushroombodies)有多种基因产物的优势表达,成为果蝇的嗅觉、视觉学习和记忆过程起关键作用的神经解剖区。果蝇的学习记忆与个体发育程度有关。果蝇幼虫训练形成的条件性嗅觉回避反应,在幼虫蜕变为成虫后(8d)仍然存在,这为研究长时记忆的机制提供了一个有用的模型。dnc和amn突变体不能形成这一长时记忆。结论 遗传学背景较为清晰的果蝇,由于具有各类学习记忆的能力。

Objective To review on learning and memory model of drosophila. Method Literature review. Result Some mutantions were screened out which are conditioned reflex action impediment,such as dnc,rut,amn,rad,cabbage,turnip,radish,nalyot,nemyp153,ala,and the memory mechanism was approved to be related with cAMP signal transmition.Immunohistochemica studies show that mushroom bodies is learning and memory’s hinge department,because there have overweight expression of many genetic production.When drosophila nit transforming imago,the avoidance action of memory formative olfaction still keeps,even 8 days after.It provides a usable model for the study of long-term memory.Dnc and amn do not form this qualification. Conclusion Drosophila is noe of the most preferable laboratory animals applied in the research on the mechanism of learning and memory not only because that drosophila has a clear hereditary background, but also because that drosophila has various learning and memory capabilities.