儒主道辅 本道兼儒——论扬雄《法言》的思想特征

Confucianism as the Main and Taoism as the Complementary——On the Ideational Characteristics of Yang Xiong's Fa Yan

《法言》是扬雄拟《论语》而作的一部语录体散文著作,其目的是标举儒学以纠绳诸子。然而仔细品读《法言》,其中也不乏对道家思想的吸收和内化。前人的研究大多囿于儒家思想的角度,而对《法言》中的道家思想则有所忽略。实际上,儒道水乳融合、交互影响的特征贯穿了《法言》始末。把握这一线索,不仅有助于对扬雄一生思想、行事中的矛盾现象作出客观、准确的诠释,更全面地了解扬雄,而且有助于对整个汉代哲学史、思想史以及魏晋玄学的形成发展脉络等有更为清晰准确的认识。

Fa Yan is a prose of quotation style written by Yang Xiong who imitates the Analects.The purpose of this book is to limit the various schools of thoughts by highlighting Confucianism.A thorough study of the book,however,makes us realize that it also absorbs Taoism.Former researches are mostly made from the perspective of Confucianism while Taoism is somewhat ignored.In fact,the mixture of confucianism and Taoism and their mutual influence is a characteristics through the whole book which is not only peculiar to the period of ending years of the Western Dynasty but also exerts great influence on later generations.The command of theclue is helpful to a more clear understanding of Yang Xiong,the history of ideology and philosophy of the Han Dynasty and even the process of formation of metaphysics of Wei and Jin period.Therefore,under the guidance of the thread,the fresh multi angular research into Yang Xiong's philosophical thinking,social and political thinking are the important contents of this paper.