湖北巴东寿带鸟繁殖行为观察

The Pilot Study on Breeding Ecology of Paradise Flycatcher(Terpsiphone paradisi incei) at Badong County, Hubei

20 0 2年 5月～ 2 0 0 4年 8月 ,在湖北省巴东县沿渡河镇的东圩口、小溪、锯锯湾、两河口等 4个村 ,对寿带鸟 (Terpsiphoneparadisiincei)的繁殖生态进行了初步研究。研究结果显示 ,寿带鸟在湖北巴东的繁殖时间为 5月下旬～ 7月上旬 ,主要在农田居民区附近的阔叶树上营巢 ,巢材主要有青苔、草叶、草茎、细草根、棕丝、树耳、蜘蛛网等。筑巢工作主要由雌鸟承担 ,一般需要 5～ 7d即可完成。巢距离地面高度1 72～ 6 45m ,巢外径 6 0～ 8 8cm ,巢内径 4 9～ 6 4cm ,巢深 2 9～ 4 1cm ,巢高 6 3～ 9 5cm。雌鸟每天产 1枚卵 ,产卵时间均在清晨。窝卵数 4枚 (n =1 1 ) ,卵产齐后即开始孵化 ,雌雄鸟轮流孵卵 ,孵化期 1 3d。雏鸟晚成性 ,雌雄共同育雏 ,育雏期 9d。寿带鸟对不同的外界干扰反应明显不同 ,当有对其卵和雏鸟构成威胁的动物接近时 ,护巢行为表现十分强烈 ;而对其没有威胁的物种接近其巢时则无动于衷。面对同样的干扰 ,雌雄亲鸟的反应存在显著差异。

Breeding Ecology of Paradise Flycatcher(Terpsiphone paradisi incei) was studied preliminarily at Yanduhe Town of Badong County,Hubei from May,2002 to August,2004.Its reproduction time is during the last ten days of May to the first ten days of July. The birds built their nests on broadleaf trees'twigs in residential area of the village.The building materials include lichen、grass blade、grass stem、palm fibre、slender root、tree auris、spider web and others. It takes 5 to 7 days to build a nest, mostly done by females. The nests is 1.72-6.45 m above the ground . The outside diameter of a nest is 6.0-8.8 cm, the inside 4.9-6.4 cm, with 2.9-4.1 cm in depth and 6.3-9.5 cm in height. The clutch size is 4(n=11).The male and female begin to incubate in turn immediately after the last egg is laid. Incubation lasts 13 days. Nestling are altricial, and fed by their parents together, the feeding period lasts 9 days in the nest. The reaction of Paradise Flycatcher is quite different when other animals approach their nest. The defence behavior is violent when the minatory animals approach, while approaching harmless animals are ignored. The reaction of male and female are also different even facing similar threats.