中国林蛙蝌蚪和大蟾蜍蝌蚪的最适温度、逃避温度及致死温度

Preferred Temperature, Avoidance Temperature and Lethal Temperature of Tadpoles of the Common Giant Toad (Bufo gargarizans) and the Chinese Forest Frog (Rana chensinensis)

报道了中国林蛙蝌蚪 (Ranachensinensis)和大蟾蜍蝌蚪 (Bufogargarizans)在不同驯化温度下的最适温度、逃避温度和致死温度的研究结果。将中国林蛙蝌蚪和大蟾蜍蝌蚪分别在 5、1 5和 2 5℃ 3个不同温度下驯养 3周 ,利用温度梯度装置观察记录 2种蝌蚪的最适温度、逃避温度和最高致死温度。结果表明 ,经过在 5、1 5和 2 5℃ 3个温度下的驯化 ,中国林蛙蝌蚪的最适温度范围分别为 1 3 . 5～ 1 8℃、2 0. 5～2 5℃和 2 3～ 2 7. 5℃ ;大蟾蜍蝌蚪的最适温度范围分别为 1 2～ 1 6 .5℃、2 1～ 2 5. 5℃和 2 2～ 2 6. 5℃。中国林蛙蝌蚪和大蟾蜍蝌蚪的最高致死温均在 3 7～ 3 8℃之间 ,最低致死温均为 0℃。驯化温度对最适温度影响显著 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,对致死温度则没有显著影响。驯化温度对中国林蛙蝌蚪和大蟾蜍蝌蚪的逃避温度产生的影响比最适温度的大。

In order to estimate the preferred temperature (PT), avoidance temperature (AT), and lethal temperature (LT) of tadpoles of the Common Tiant Toad (Bufo gargarizans) and the Chinese Forest Frog (Rana chensinensis), tadpoles of both species were acclimated at different temperatures. The PT, AT and LT were measured with thermocouple using a temperature gradient apparatus after the tadpoles were acclimated to different temperatures for three weeks. The results showed that the PTs of the Chinese forest frog were 13.5-18℃,20.5-25℃ and 23-27.5℃, and the PTs of common giant toad were 12-16.5℃,21-25.5℃,22-26.5℃, respectively, corresponding to the acclimation temperatures of 5℃,15℃ and 25℃. The maximum lethal temperature for both species was 37-38℃ and the minimum lethal temperature for both species was 0℃. Temperatures between the lethal and the preferred temperatures were their avoidance temperatures. The acclimation temperature imposes more influences on the ATs than on the PTs in tadpoles of both species.