笼养大鸨越冬行为的时间分配

Time Budget of Captive Great Bustard(Otis tarda) in Winter

20 0 0～ 2 0 0 2年冬季 ,在哈尔滨动物园 ,采用瞬时扫描法对 2 2只笼养大鸨 (Otistarda)进行全日制观察 ,研究结果表明 :笼养大鸨可以在北方安全越冬。笼养大鸨越冬期行为活动日节律、行为分配 :休息行为 (趴卧、静站 )所占比例最大 ,达到 78. 40 % ,而取食行为 (6. 1 5 % )、游走 (7. 3 5 % )、理羽 (4 . 3 5 % )、啄草雪(2 . 65 % )、打蓬 (1 .1 0 % )所占比例相对较少 ,且各行为时间分配差异显著 (P <0 . 0 5 )。大鸨在冬季不同时期内除取食、打蓬、啄草雪外 ,各行为时间分配差异显著 (P <0 .0 5 )。温度、天气的变化对笼养大鸨越冬行为时间分配也具有显著影响 (P <0 . 0 5 )。

Time budget of captive Great Bustards (Otis tarda) in the duration of winter was conducted on 22 captive birds at Harbin Zoo in 2000-2002. Total of observation time was 137.83h。Instantaneous scan method was employed to record behaviors and duration of those behaviors. Daily activity rhythm and behavior time budget was calculated and the influence of weather and temperature on the time budget were analysis by non-parameter statistic test. Resting (groveling and squatting) took the largest percentage (78.40%). The rest behaviors took relatively a few percentage, feeding (6.15%), walking (7.35%), preening (4.35%), pecking snow and grass (2.65%) and shaking feathers (1.10%), respectively. Differences in time budget was significant between early winter, mid-winter and late winter (P<0.05). Great difference existed in various behaviors except feeding, shaking feathers and pecking snow and grass (P<0.05). Weather and temperature also produced a significant influences on time budget (P<0.05).