气管切开术在儿童烧伤中的临床意义

Clinical significance of tracheotomy in children's burns

目的:探讨烧伤伴吸入性损伤患儿气管切开术的适应证、手术时机及注意事项。方法:对45例烧伤患儿,在全身麻醉下行气管切开12例,局部麻醉下行气管切开33例。并对儿童的解剖特点、操作要点及术后拔管时间作一分析。结果:45例烧伤儿童均在1～48h内行气管切开术,43例抢救成功,2例死亡,救治成功率达95.56%。结论:烧伤尤其伴有吸入性损伤的患儿,应尽早行气管切开术,这对于提高抢救成功率、减少呼吸道并发症、降低死亡率、均有重要的临床意义。

Objective:To discuss the indications,timing and related issues of tracheotomy in burn together with inhalation injury in children.Method:In 45 cases,12 cases were done in general anesthesia,while 33 cases were done in local anesthesia.Analysis the characters in children anastomosis,the essentials in the operation and timing of pulling out the tracheal cannulas.Result:Forty-five cases were under tracheotomy in 1~48 hours after burn in which 16 cases were in urgency.Forty-three cases cured(95.65%)while 2 cases died.Conclusion:Tracheotomy in early stage could be a good treatment for burns with inhalation injury children.This is the most important clinical significance of increasing success rate,decreasing complication in respiratory tract and decreasing death rate.