乌鲁木齐市周边荒山植物群落类型及其物种多样性

Study on plant community types and species diversity of main barren hill in Urumqi

采用典型样地法对新疆乌鲁木齐市周边雅玛里克山、乌拉泊群山、焦化山、骑马山和雪莲山的自然植被类型及其物种多样性进行了研究。结果表明,研究区自然植被总体可划分为荒漠、灌丛、草原、草甸、沼泽、落叶阔叶林6大植被型组,植物群落类型有19种;其中荒漠、灌丛、草原植被的Shannon wiener指数(H)为(0.92002～2.51113),与温带植被相比,相对较低,反映了荒山植被不稳定性和所处生态环境的严酷性。均匀度高的植物群落,其多样性指数也越高,群落也越稳定。不同荒山的小蓬(Nanophytonerinaceum)单优势荒漠的盖度越大,其重要值往往也大,但其均匀度和Shannon wiener指数(H)却小。

Investigation of vegetation types and species diversity is made by means of sampling plots survey in research field of Yamalikeshan mountain,Ulabaishan mountains,Jiaohuashan mountain,Qimashan mountain and xuelianshan mountain around Urumqi.The result shows the vegetation is divided into six vegetation type groups including desert,scrub,steppe,meadow,mire and summer green broad-leaved forest and there are 19 kinds of plant community types in these areas, among which,Shannon-winener diversity indices of desert,scrub and steppe are 0.92002-2.51113,their diversity is lower in comparison with that of temperate zone vegetation.These results reflect that the desert plant community is unstable and under adverse circumstances.The higher evenness of plant community is,the higher its species diversity index is, the more stable community is.The larger coverage of Nanophyton erinaceum monodominant community among different mountains is,the higher its important value is,but the lower its species evenness index and species diversity index is.