贵州小香猪颈总动脉球囊损伤致动脉粥样硬化血管重构

A Research into Atherosclerotic Vascular Remodeling Induced by Balloon Hyperinflation in Carotid Artery Intima of the Guizhou Minipigs

目的 研究球囊损伤引起动脉粥样硬化血管重构及其机制。方法 采用贵州小香猪 10头 ,均用球囊损伤右侧颈总动脉内膜 ,喂饲正常饮食 (n =5 )或高脂饮食 (n =5 ) 12个月。血管样本分为四组 :正常对照组、拉伤对照组、高脂组和高脂拉伤组。采用计算机图像分析系统测定血管重构的相关指标 ,观察血管组织的病理变化 ,并检测血管组织生化指标的变化。结果 除正常对照组外 ,其余三组均出现内膜增厚及病理性血管重构 ,尤以高脂拉伤组的变化最为显著。其最大内膜厚度及内膜面积分别由 0增大到 1.2 0± 0 .0 7mm和 2 .0 9± 0 .10mm2 (P <0 .0 1) ;而外弹力膜围绕面积由 15 .2 1± 0 .4 2mm2 减少到 9.94± 0 .32mm2 ,内弹力膜围绕面积由 11.38± 0 .2 2mm2减少到 6 .14± 0 .16mm2 ,管腔最小直径由 3.6 4± 0 .10mm2 减少到 1.5 0± 0 .0 5mm2 (P <0 .0 1) ,管腔面积减少达6 4 % ;血管紧张素Ⅱ、内皮素 1和白细胞介素 6也均显著增高 ,分别为正常对照组的 3.4、4 .5和 3.2倍 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 单纯内膜损伤及高脂血症均可引起或 (和 )加速血管重构 ,血管紧张素Ⅱ、内皮素、一氧化氮、白细胞介素

Aim To investigate the atherosclerotic vascular remodeling by balloon hyperinflation and its possible mechanisms. Method Injury was induced to the right carotid artery by balloon hyperinflation in 10 Guizhou minipigs that were fed by either an atherogenic diet (hyperlipid, n=5) or a standard diet(control, n=5) and examined the resultant lesions 12 months later. The vascular samples was divided into four groups:normal control group, control group with balloon hyperinflated, hyperlipid group and hyperlipid group with balloon hyperinflated. The related indexes of vascular remodeling were observed by means of a computerized image analyzing system, the histopathological examination was performed and angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ), endothelin (ET), nitric oxide (NO), interleukin (IL)-6 of vascular tissues were measured. Results Except the normal control group,there were an artery intima proliferation and pathological vascular remodeling in three groups, especially the hyperlipid group with balloon hyperinflated group in which the maximum intima thickness (MIT) and intima area (IA) increased from 0 to 1.20±0.07 and 2.09±0.10 (P<0.01) respectively, but external elastic laminal area (EELa) decreased from 15.21±0.42 to 9.94±0.32 and internal elastic laminal area (IELa) deczeased from 11.38±0.22 to 6.14±0.16, minimum lumen diameter (MLD) deczeased from 3.64±0.10 to 1.50±0.05. The lumen area (LA) of carotid artery in this group was decreased by 64%. Compared with the normal control group, Ang Ⅱ, ET, IL-6 of vascular tissue in the group increased by 3.4, 4.5 and 3.2 times respectively (P<0.01). Conclusion A single endothelium injury or hyperlipidemia could induce and/or intensify vascular remodeling, Ang Ⅱ, ET, NO, IL-6 and vascular tissue inflammation might play an important role in the process.