强酸性阳离子交换树脂催化合成甘油三乙酸酯的研究

Synthesis of the Glycerol Tri-acetate Catalyzed by Strong-acid Cation-exchange Resin

以乙酸、甘油为原料,直接酯化合成甘油三乙酸酯,研究了反应温度、反应时间、原料配比、带水剂、催化剂用量等条件对合成反应的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件。该方法合成甘油三乙酸酯的最佳工艺条件是:反应温度92～98℃;反应时间5h ;n(乙酸):n(甘油)为4.5:1.0 ;催化剂用量为总物料质量的0.9 % ;带水剂苯用量为15mL(甘油为0.15mol的情况下)。甘油三乙酸酯的收率达到92.30 %。催化剂不经处理可循环使用多次。该催化剂具有价廉易得、催化活性好、不腐蚀设备。

The glycerol tri-acetate was synthesized from glycerol and acetic acid by direct esterification.The effect of reaction temperature,reaction time,material ratio,water aqua and the contentof catalyston the synthesis were studied.The proper technoˉlogical conditions were given as follows:the reaction temperature was92～98℃;the reaction time was5h;n(acetic acid):n(glycerol)was4.5:1.0;the content of catalyst was0.9%of total material mass and water aqua(benzene)was15mL(when glycerol was0.15mol).The yield of the product was92.30%.The catalyst could be used several times without any treatment.The experimental result showed that the catalyst had many advantages such as easy preparation,lowcost and high activity.It was a1so non-corrosive and pollution-free to the environment.