刑事诉讼证据制度中的无罪辩解问题研究

On Defense of Innocence in the Evidence Rules of Criminal Procedure

犯罪嫌疑人、被告人供述和辩解,是我国《刑事诉讼法》规定的法定证据种类之一,也称口供。无罪辩解是犯罪嫌疑人、被告人否认侦检机关有罪指控的申辩和解释,是口供的重要组成部分。无罪辩解具有证明案件的直接性、较强的主观性及对指控的抗辩性等特征,真实的无罪辩解对案件事实具有证明作用。由于司法实践中,轻视无罪辩解、重视有罪供述的问题较突出,必须加强对无罪辩解的保护,建立相应的保障制度。研究无罪辩解问题,有利于犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的人权保障,也是诉讼程序公正的基本要求。

The defense and narrative of the defendant, or verbal confession, is one of the mandatory evidences under the rules of criminal procedure of P.R.C, while defense of innocence , which is the main part of the verbal confession, is used by the defendant to refute the prosecution from the state, with a characteristics of being immediate and subjective for the proof of the case and defensive to the prosecution. Furthermore, defense of innocence, if it is truthful, will offer proof to the facts of the case. As the judicial practice only attach much importance to the narrative of guilt, measures should be taken to set a regime to emphasize the preservation of defense of innocence. Thus, studying the defense of innocence problems will be benefit not only for the rights of the defendant, but also for the basic demand of criminal procedure justice.