丁文江、蒋廷黻“新专制主义”思想浅析——兼论20世纪30年代“民主与独裁”论战

An Analysis of Ding Wenjiang & Jiang Tingfu's Thought of "New Absolutism" ;——Accompanied by the Controversy on "Democracy and Absolutism "

20世纪初期,“德先生”作为一剂改造中国旧有的专制政治制度、拯救古老帝国于水深火热之中的最佳良药被请进国门,一时间“民主”的呼声四起。而仅隔十几年之后,思想界出现了一种与之似乎针锋相对的主张,这就是丁文江、蒋廷黻等人提出的震动当时思想界的“新专制主义”。丁、蒋等人作为当时知识界的巨子、言论界的领袖人物发出如此声音,是在“权威真空”时期对真正权威的呼唤,是一种工具理性的表达,有一定的现实性,但是,其中所发生的与价值理性的冲突也是难以避免的。

In the early twentieth century,'Mr. Democracy'was imported as a dose of good medicine to change the Chinese old autocratic system and save age-old empire out of the extreme misery.But after more than ten years appeared another swordplay--the appalling 'new absolutism' brought forward by Ding Wenjiang,Jiang Tingfu and others.Ding & Jiang,as the great polymaths and ideologists,expressed that idea in order to expect the appearance of the genuine authority in the time of 'authority vacuum',which was rational and practical.However,the collision to value rationality was hard to avoid.