依附与独立——试论《三国演义》中诸葛亮的双重文化人格

Dependence and Independence——On Zhuge Liang's Dual Cultral Personality in Three Kingdoms

“鞠躬尽瘁,死而后已”既是对诸葛亮一生节操的高度评价,也是对他为实现理想而矢志不移、奋斗终生的一种概括。他的身上典型地体现了古代封建知识分子受儒道两家思想影响而形成的双重文化人格。这种双重文化人格,在其政治生涯中,既表现为对权势的选择与依附,又有对个体人格的保持与独立。这是封建时代杰出知识分子一种理想化的人生选择。

The saying 'give one's all till one's heart stops beating'not only sets a high value on Zhuge Liang's moral integrity in his lifetime,but also summarizes his dedication of life to his chosen course.Zhuge Liang was a typicale example of dual cultural personality as reflected in the ancient feudal intellectuals who were influenced by Taoism and Confucianism.In his political career,such a personality was shown in two ways:he attached himself to power and influence;he was quite independent in terms of individual personality.This was the idealistic choice of life for the outstanding intellectuals in feudal age.