以色列的太阳能研究及应用

Solar Energy Researche and Its Applications in Israel

以色列成立于1948a,位于地中海地区,三分之二的国土为沙漠化地带,自然资源十分贫乏,上帝所赐的资源只有阳光,海水和沙漠。加之与周边国家关系紧张,能源的进口不得不舍近求远。为摆脱能源的困境,开发和利用太阳能长期以来视为其基本国策。50 年来,以色列在太阳能研究领域一直处于世界领先地位,文章详细报道了以色列过去50年在太阳能研究方面所取得的重大成果。

Israel, founded in 1948, is located in Mediterranean region, and two thirds of its areas are deserted lands. The natural resources in the country are significantly short, and what it possesses are merely sunlight, seawater and deserted lands. Fossil energy in the country has to be imported from other regions due to the considerably bad relationship between Israel and its neighboring countries. Therefore, exploiting and utilizing abundant solar energy resource has long being regarded as an essentially national strategy in Israel in order to thoroughly get rid of the difficulty for its energy supply. In the past 50 years, the government poured a large amount of investment on the research of solar energy, and made it one of the leading countries for solar energy development in the world. In this paper, the achievements in solar energy research made by Israel in the past 50 years are presented in details.