几种缓释肥的氮释放特性以及对草坪草生长的影响

Nitrogen release characteristics of several controlled release fertilizers and their effects on growth of turfgrass

实验室内采用水浸泡法对尿素、3种缓效肥和山西省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所研制(自研草坪肥)的缓效肥的初期溶出率和微分溶出率进行了测定.其中尿素的初期溶出率为22.75%,超出了国际上公认的缓/控释肥的初期溶出率小于15%的指标,而微分溶出率为0.22%,也小于国际上公认的缓/控释肥的微分溶出率(0.25%～2.5%)指标.其他几种缓释肥的初期溶出率为8.73%～14.42%,微分溶出率为0.30%～2.11%,符合国际上公认的缓/控释肥的初期溶出率和微分溶出率指标.田间试验比较和研究了尿素、3种缓效肥和山西省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所研制的缓效肥对草坪草的干草产量和养分含量的影响,尿素和包衣尿素处理的草坪草的生长量前期较高,后期产草量较低,呈马鞍型.其他处理的草坪草干草产量则比较平缓,肥料的氮释放特性与草坪草生长趋势相同.不同肥料处理对草坪草的中量、微量元素含量有一定的影响.

The dissolution rates of urea and 3 kinds of controlled release fertilizer were tested. Preliminary solubility of urea was 22.75%, which is higher than international accepted index (<15%); whereas its differential solubility (0.22%) was lower than international accepted index (0.25%~ 2.5% ). He preliminary solubility and differential solubility of other fertilizers were 8.73%~14.42% and 0.30%~2.11%,respectively. The results of field trial showed that turfgrass treated with urea or coated urea produced higher biomass at the early stage while decreased at later stage. Other treatments gave similar nitrogen release characteristics as turfgrass growth current. Different fertilizer treatments played a certain role on trace elements of turfgrass.