谈切削加工中积屑瘤的成因及预防措施

Causes and the Preventive Measures of Filing Lumps in Machining

积屑瘤是在切削塑性金属材料时,在一定切削速度范围内形成带状切屑情形下,切屑底层金属粘在前刀面上经过加工硬化并参与切削形成的。那么其存在的条件有两个,一是切屑与前刀面有足够的冷焊面积,二是积屑瘤有足够的加工硬化强度,足以代替刀具进行切削。故只要我们选用润滑性能好的切削液,降低切削温度,减小刀具与切屑的冷焊面积,或者是提高切削速度,提高切削温度,降低切屑底层金属的屈服强度,再就是增大刀具前角在35°以上,就能防止积屑瘤的产生。

Filing lumps are formed when metal materials are being cut and shaped, long filings appear, and gradually they stick to the cutting tool, and then become hard and together cut metal materials with the cutting tool. In this way it can produce an inconvenient condition in cutting. If some preventive measures are taken, the inconvenient condition can be held back.