脑卒中患者医院内获得性肺炎危险因素探讨

Risk factors of nosocomial acquired pneumonia in patients with apoplexy

目的 探讨脑卒中患者医院内获得性肺炎危险因素及防治措施。方法 对我院2002年1月1日至2003年12月31日神经内科1394例脑卒中住院患者进行调查统计分析。结果 医院内获得性肺炎感染率为7 .03%,其中脑出血、脑梗死患者医院感染率分别为8. 66% ( 47 /543 )和5 .99% (51 /851)。结论 住院天数、气管切开、气管插管、鼻饲胃管、糖尿病、应用H2 受体阻滞剂和预防应用抗生素等7项是脑卒中患者医院内获得性肺炎的危险因素,应引起高度重视,在临床治疗和护理过程中加强防护,减少医院内感染的发生。

Objective To explore the risk factors and preventive measures for nosocomial acquired pneumonia in patients with apoplexy. Method A prospective and retrospective study was carried out to investigate the clinical data of 1394 patients with apoplexy in Department of Neurology during January 1st, 2002 to December 31st, 2003.Results The nosocomial acquired pneumonia rate was 7.03%. The nosocomial infection rate in patients with cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction was 8.66% (47/543)and 5.99% (51/851, respectively).Conclusions Nosocomial infection showed be more closely related with the days of hospitalization period, tracheal intubation, enteral nutrition infusion, duration of diabetes mellitus and the application of antimicrobials and H 2-receptor blocking agents, which are all risk factors for acquired pneumonia and more attention should be paid in clinical treatment and nursing care as to lowering the occurrence of the nosocomial infection.