摘要
作者于1991年4～5月对麻风高流行区广南县和文山县的麻风家庭接触者(HCP)723人、健康人(EHP)1632人和甘肃省非麻风流行区健康人(NHP)131人,用检测血清抗ND—O—BSA和PGL—1抗体水平的ELISA,进行了血清流行病学研究。血清阳性标准是根据EHP和NHP的血清抗体水平,即EHP的阳性标准分别为0.23和0.225,NHP的分别为0.14和0.17。根据NHP的阳性标准(NHPC)判断,HCP的抗ND—O—BSA和抗PGL—1抗体的阳性率分别为20.19％和15.21％,EHP分别为15.13％和9.38％,这两组的两种血清抗体阳性率分别有显著差异(P<0.01)。根据EHP的阳性标准(EHPC)判断,HCP的上述两种血清抗体阳性率分别为6.36％和8.44％。三组的血清抗体除在抗PGL—(?)水平上HCP和EHP间无显著差异外,其它各纫押间在两种抗体水平上均有显著差异(P<0.01)。HCP和EHP的感染危险性,以NHPC判断时,HCP和EHP的抗ND—O—BSA阳性率分别为NHP的4.04和3.02倍,抗PGL—1阳性率分别为NHP的3.04和1.88倍;以EHPC判断时,HCP的两种抗体的阳性率分别为EHP的1.27和1.88倍。这提示抗体检测是流行病学研究的有用工具,但作为麻风早期诊断的血清血清学方法还有问题。
A seroepidemiological study of leprosy was carried out in 723 household contacts (HCP),taking 1632 healthy persons in an endemic area of Yunnan Province (EHP) and 131 healthy persons in nonendemic area of Gansu Province (NHP) as controls for detecting antibodies to ND-O-BSA (A-ND) and to PGL-1 (A-PGL) with ELISA.The criteria of positivity were decided on the basis of the antibody levels in EHP and NHP,namely EHPC and NHPC which are 0.23 and 0.25 in EHP,and 0.14 and 0.17 in NHP respectively.By the NHPC,the positive rates for A-ND and A-PGL were 20.19% and 15.21 % in HCP vs.15.13% and 9.38% in EHP respectively (P<0.01).By EHPC,both the rates were 6.38% and 8.44% in HCP.The differences were significant (P<0.01) among the three groups of examinees according to the mean levels of both the antibodies except to PGL between NHP and EHP.With NHPC,the relative risk was 4.04 for HCP and 3.02 for EHP times that of NHP by A-ND level vs.3.04 and 1.88 by A-PGL level respectively,but with EHPC,the relative risk for HCP was 1.27 times that of EHP by A-ND and 1.88 by A-PGL.The authors think that the antibody examination could be used in epidemiological study but not yet in early diagnosis of leprosy.
