白马鸡巢址选择的研究

STUDY ON NEST-SITE SELECTION OF WHITE EARED-PHEASANT

2003-04-06和2004-04-06在四川省稻城县著杰寺地区对白马鸡(Crossoptilon crossoptilon)巢址进行了调查.野外共发现白马鸡巢13个,11巢位于高山栎灌丛根基部(84.62%),1巢位于石壁下(7.69%),1巢位于倒木下(7.69%).其中12巢为满窝卵,平均窝卵数为(7.33±0.54)枚(n=12,5～11枚).从8个巢的准确出雏时间推测,研究区内白马鸡产卵期为04-27 05-21.著杰寺附近发现的12巢,1巢在杂木林中,其他11巢皆在高山栎灌丛中.x2检验表明,著杰寺研究区的白马鸡巢址偏爱高山栎灌丛环境(x2=8.333,v=1,P＜0.05).差异显著性检验表明,白马鸡巢址偏爱距地表0.5,1,2 m盖度(independent samples t-test,P＜0.05)和灌丛直径较大的环境(Mann Whitney U-test,P＜0.05);白马鸡对植被盖度、灌木高度(independent samples t-test,P＜0.05)和灌木盖度(Mann Whitney U-test,P＜0.05)等因子的选择是在相对较小的区间范围内.

From April to July, 2003—2004, the nest-site selection of White Eared-pheasant was studied in Zhujie monastery and its facing mountain, Sichuan Province. The nest characteristics and the clutch size of the pheasant were described in southwestern China. Totally 13 nests were found. Oak shrub was greatly preferred as nest-sites (84.62%). Nests under rock wall (7.69%) and fallen tree (7.69%) were also found. The average clutch size of White Eared-pheasant is (7.33±0.54) ( n =12, 5-11). Laying occurred between 27th April and 21st May. In Zhujie area, 1 nest was in forest habitat and 11 nests were in oak shrub. White Eared-pheasant preferred oak shrub as the nesting habitat ( χ 2 =8.333, ν=1,P <0.05). The bird is more like to place their nest in the habitat with high coverage of 0.5, 1 and 2 m(independent samples t -test, P <0.05),and with large shrub diameter (Mann Whitney U -test, P <0.05).The selections on plant cover, shrub cover(independent samples t -test, P <0.05), and shrub height(Mann Whitney U -test, P <0.05) are in relatively small range.