广州部分城区慢性阻塞性肺疾病流行病学调查分析

Epidemiologic Analysis of COPD in Some zone of Guangzhou city

目的 了解广州市荔湾区慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的发病情况及相关危险因素,为COPD的社区人群防治提供依据。方法 采用统一调查表格,以整群随机抽样方法,调查年龄在40岁以上的人群,并进行肺通气功能检测。结果 COPD患病率为7. 4%,男性患病率高于女性(13. 8%比3. 0%,P<0. 01)。吸烟者占COPD患者的56. 7%;烹调用煤作燃料和厨房有无排气装置与COPD患病率有关;生物燃料、居住环境、职业暴露、儿童时期呼吸疾病史及家庭呼吸病史与COPD患病未显示明确的关系。结论 广州城区COPD患病率较高,为今后COPD的群防群治提供了一定依据;尚需不同地区、大样本的流行病学资料以进一步明确COPD的发病危险因素。

Objective To survey the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and risk factors,and to provide some scientific basis for prevention and treatment of COPD in communities.Methods Using the same protocol and questionnaire,performing cluster-random-sampling survey for the population aged over 40 years in Liwang district of Guangzhou.The spirometry was performed for the every participant.Results Total prevalence of COPD was 7.4%.The prevalence of COPD in male was significantly higher than that in female(13.8% vs 3.0%,P<0.01).56.7% of patients with COPD were smoker.The risk of COPD were increased when coal fuels were used in house cooking.None of the exhaust equipment in cookroom was increased the prevalence of COPD.Biomass fuels,inhabitancy condition,exposures to respirable particulate matter in work site and childhood respiratory diseases were not related with the prevalence of COPD.Conclusion The prevalence of COPD in Guangzhou is high.It provide some scientific basis for prevention and treatment of COPD in communities.The more survey should be carried out in different area in order to clarify risk factors of COPD.