儿童文学的概念是一个模糊集

The Concept of Children's Literature is a Fuzzy Set

根据美国科学家札德的模糊集理论,认为“儿童文学”的概念是一个模糊集。首先,作为“儿童文学”根本属性的“儿童”、“文学”都是具有模糊义素的模糊词,这就使“儿童文学”内涵成为由两个模糊概念组成的集。其次,“儿童文学”的外延模糊。无论儿童文学的创作主体、文本,还是读者的范围,都是模糊的。这三重模糊又构成一个模糊集。造成“儿童文学”概念是模糊集的原因,一是与概念涉及的对象～儿童文学创作的复杂性有关,儿童文学创作是儿童直觉的产物。直觉的特点是形象的,它凭借心灵的力量对事物进行整体性的把握。用以表现作家直觉感受的东西只能是意象,并且具有独特性。创作是形象而具体的,而儿童文学概念却是理性的、逻辑的。用理性的、逻辑的语言去概括形象的、极富个性化的创作,这本身就是一个悖论。理论不可能准确地指涉对象本身。儿童文学是一个不断发展变化的过程,它多姿多彩,博大精深,每一个理论家受到历史的局限,都只能站在一个特定的点上给儿童文学下定义,要让一个固定的有局限的概念去阐释不断发展变化的儿童文学创作过程,也是难以做到的。

According to the theory of fuzzy set by J. Zaden, the American Scientist, children's literature can be regarded as a fuzzy set. First, 'children' and 'literature' , as the fundamental properties of children's literature, are both fuzzy words with fuzzy semantics which makes the term 'children's literature' an assembly made up by fuzzy concepts. Next, the denotation of the term 'children's literature' is also fuzzy. The range of writers, texts and readers are all fuzzy. These three fuzzy factors form another fuzzy set. There are several reasons that make the concept of children's literature a fuzzy set. One of them is from the object with which this term deals--the complexity of the creation of children's literature, which is the result of children's intuition. 'Everything in intuition is primeval, sheer, obscure, individual and integral.' The only thing that can express a writer's intuitive feeling is image. Peculiarity is always needed for a creation of the literature. However, if one wants to get a definition of children's literature, one needs to express it in rational and logical language, which is obviously ridiculous. The minor details removed, only dullness is left, which is impossible to express precisely the object with which it deals. Children's literature is always a developing process. It is colorful, excessive and profound. Every theory, limited by the history, can only define it from a certain point of view. It is impossible to define the ever changing children's literature from a fixed point. All above are the reasons that explain why the concept of children's literature is a fuzzy set.