德育:内外互化,人己互惠

Moral Education:Mutual Transforma tion between Inside and Outside & Mutual Benefit to Oneself and Others

从“德”的词源演变历史来看,道德有两个核心要素:直、得。“直”是行为者的真情实感、真心实意;“得”是行为者在精神和物质上有所收获。中国儒家特别重视道德中的“直”、“得”两要素。道德教育因此应该是内外互化、人己互惠的过程。内外互化是指人的外在道德实践经验要积淀为自己的德性素质,人的内在的德性素质又要表现为道德行为。人己互惠是指人的道德应该使自己和他人在物质和精神方面都有所惠益,内外互化、人己互惠的德育是切合当代德育思想的,也是一种可持续发展的德育观。

Seeing from the evolution of the word“morality,we can find that morality has two kernel elements:honesty and gain.Honesty means the b ehaviorists' true feelings and sincerity,while g ain refers to what the behav-iorists have gained in spirit and material.The Chinese Confucianists attached great importance to the above two el-ements.Consequently,moral education should be the process of mutual tr ansformation between inside and out side as well as the mutual benefit to oneself and others.The mutual transformati on between inside and outside refers to the fact that a person' s external moral practical experien ce should develop into his moral quality which will show itself as the moral behavior.The mutual benefit to oneself and others means a perso n' s morality should bring good to himse lf and other people both in spirit and ma terial.The moral education of the mu tual transformation between inside and outside as well as the mutual benefit to oneself and others can fit into the current moral education ideas,thus a sustainable view on moral education.