合理推进成本分担,拓宽高等教育经费筹措渠道——谈我国高等教育投资筹措体系中的个人成本分担和社会捐赠

Boosting Cost Allocation Rationally and Widening Funds-raising Channels of Higher Educational

高等教育的"准公共物品"属性是高等教育成本分担的理论基础,高等教育投资的筹措是指高等教育投资的来源,主要包括国家投资、社会投资和个人家庭投资三个部分。长期以来,我国对高等教育投入严重不足,现阶段大学生学费增长速度过快,而国内居民收入分配的差距却在不断扩大,由此将进一步导致收入分配、受教育机会两极分化的"叠加"效应,引发社会公平问题愈益严重。本文通过国际比较,提出合理推进我国社会主义市场经济条件下高等教育的成本分担,并探讨在加大政府对高等教育的投资力度的同时,如何进一步拓宽社会捐赠等非财政性经费来源渠道。

The property of higher education 'quasi common property' is the theoretical base of cost allocation and funds-raising is the source of higher education investment, mainly from the state, the society, individuals and families. For a long time the input to higher education in China has been badly insufficient, but the increase rate of college students' tuition fee is too fast at the present stage, and at the same time there is a more widening gap between distributions of domestic residents' income. As a result, the 'additive effects' of polarization will arise in income distribution and the chance to receive education, which will cause more and more serious social problems. After comparing China with foreign countries, the paper advises boosting cost allocation of higher education rationally under conditions of socialist market economy and discusses how to widen channels of non-financial fund sources such as social donations when the government enlarges investment in higher education.