湖南省1991-2000年三次抽样调查学生视力状况研究

Investigation on the Status of Eyesight in the Students of Hunan Province from 1991 to 2000

目的 了解湖南省学生视力状况及其变化特点,为今后更好地开展视力保护和近视预防工作提供参考依据。方法 分别于1991年、1995年和2 0 0 0年,按照全国学生体质健康状况调研要求采用整群分层抽样和统一检测方法,对学生进行视力状况调查研究,所获资料分年度、年龄阶段、城乡、男女性别间对比χ2 检验。结果 三次共调查5 5 5 3 3名学生,视力不良发生率为41. 46% ,其中2 0 0 0年水平为小学生14 . 5 3 % ,初中生为3 3 . 96% ,高中生为5 8 10 % ,大学生为74 .3 2 % ,除大学生略高外,其余均低于全国平均水平。并有显著城乡差异和性别差异,城大于乡,女大于男。视力不良的发生率随年龄而上升,并且患者构成随年龄上升而呈现重症化趋势。结论 湖南省学生视力不良发生率仍处在较高水平,且视力不良发生率城乡差异呈扩大趋势。

Objective To investigate the status of eyesight in the students of Hunan province and its characteristics. Method Samples were collected by cluster and stratified sampling and were tested by means of the standard methods from Chinese National Guidelines of Investigation on Health Status of Students in 1991, 1995 and 2000 respectively. Statistic analysis was completed in term of years, age groups, city and country, and male and female with χ2 test. Results 55 533 in total students were investigated for three times.Of which,23 024 students (41.46%) were with eyesight sickness, including 14.53% in pupils, 33.96% in junior and 58.10% in senior high school students, and 74.32% in university students.These proportions were lower than that of national average incidence except the group of university students.The incidence was remarkable different from city and country, male and female, it was higher in city than in country, and it was higher in female than in male.The incidence of eyesight sickness mounted up with the age of students.The elder the ages of students were, the more serious the eyesight sicknesses were. Conclusion The incidence of eyesight sickness is still remaining serious,and the difference between city and country is developing.