日光温室不同水分条件下盆栽黄瓜产量和土壤微生物数量

Effect of soil moisture on yield of cucumber and soil microbe in greenhouse

在日光温室内盆栽条件下,研究土壤水分对黄瓜产量和土壤微生物数量的影响,结果表明(1)土壤水分含量初花期和初瓜期为田间持水量的80%～90%、盛瓜期90%～100%、生育后期70%～80%的处理黄瓜产量最高,为389.65g/株;其次为初花期土壤水分为田间持水量的90%～100%、初瓜期80%～90%、盛瓜期70%～80%、生育后期90%～100%的处理,产量为351.49g/株;初花期土壤水分为田间持水量的80%～90%、初瓜期90%～100%、盛瓜期70%～80%、生育后期80%～90%的处理产量最低,为257.54g/株。(2)不同水分处理土壤微生物的数量变化不同黄瓜初花期,土壤水分为田间持水量80%～90%的处理土壤细菌数量最多,土壤水分为田间持水量70%～80%的处理和90%～100%的处理土壤细菌数量少,且二者差异不大。黄瓜初瓜期和盛瓜期当土壤水分由低变高时细菌数量增加,相反细菌数量减少,黄瓜生育后期当土壤水分从高变低时细菌数量增加,水分稳定不变或从高变为中等水平或从低变为中等水平时细菌数量减少。土壤真菌数量在土壤水分含量低时和土壤水分相对稳定的情况下增加,否则减少。各处理土壤放线菌在黄瓜初花期和初瓜期数量差异不大,盛瓜期各处理土壤放线菌的数量增加,生育后期多数处理土壤放线菌的数量有所下降。

The pot experiment was conducted to discover the effect of soil moisture on yield of cucumber and soil microbe in greenhouse. The result showed: (1) The yield of cucumber was the highest (389.65 g/plant) when soil relative moisture was 80%~90% at florescent stage and early-fruit stage, 90%~100% at fruit stage and 70%~80% at late-fruit stage. The next (351.49 g/plant) was the treatment with the soil relative moisture of 90%~100% at florescent stage, 80%~90% at early-fruit stage, 70~80% at fruit stage and 90%~100% at late-fruit stage. The yield of cucumber was the lowest (257.54 g/plant) when soil relative moisture is 80%~90% at florescent stage, 90%~100% at early-fruit stage, 70%~80% at fruit stage and 80%~90% at late-fruit stage. (2)The number of soil microbe varied among different soil moisture treatments. The number of bacteria in soil was the highest when soil moisture was 80%~90% field water capacity at florescent stage, and it was low when soil moisture was 70%~80% or 90%~100% at florescent stage. The number of bacteria in soil increased when soil moisture was from low to high and decreased when soil moisture was from high to low at early-fruit stage and fruit stage; it increased when soil moisture was from low to high and decreased when soil moisture was stable or from high to middle or from low to middle at early-fruit stage and fruit stage. The number of fungi in soil increased when soil moisture was stable or low and decreased when soil moisture was not stable or high. The number of actinomycete in soil varied little at florescent stage and early-fruit stage; it increased at fruit stage and decreases at late-fruit stage.